Eukaryotic Cells And Its Functions - 978 Words

â€Å"Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, e.g. Bacteria† - (AQA 2008) Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells do not contain these. Although both of these cells contain DNA, only eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus. The nucleus is the largest organelle, surrounded by a double membrane (nuclear envelope) containing lots of pores. The nuclear membrane protects contents of the nucleus and controls the transport of substances in and out. The nucleus contains linear DNA in chromatin which protects the DNA from damage. Chromatin is formed of DNA which controls the activities of the cell. The nucleus often contains a structure called the nucleolus. This structure produces ribosomes which enter the cytoplasm in the cell through the nuclear pores, as well as transcribing DNA into RNA. Prokaryotic cells do not contain nuclei. Instead of having a nucleus to carry the DNA, these cells contain plasmids with circular DNA, as well as having most of the DNA float freely inside the cytoplasm. The plasmids carry the information necessary to keep the cell alive. For example including genes that make the bacteria cell resistant to antibiotics. Both cells transcribe DNA into RNA in order to translate RNA and produce proteins on ribosomes. Endoplasmic Reticulum is present in eukaryotic cells. There are two types of ER: Smooth and rough. â€Å"This organelle is formed of a network ofShow MoreRelatedFunctions And Functions Of Eukaryotic Cell874 Words   |  4 Pagesplants are very complex; it has infinitely many functions. These functions are carried out by organs; all organs in the body operate in a choreograph manner that keeps the body in a healthy state. If these functions decide to fail, life cannot be sustained. With that said, without the body’s secret ingredients the organs and the functions they carry out will cease to exist. These secret ingredient are known as cells—the fundamental unit of life. Cells are essential to sustaining life; ironically itRead MoreFunctions Of Eukaryotic Cells For Various Functions And Processes1548 Words   |  7 PagesMicrotubules are an essential part of eukaryotic cells for various functions and processes, and are located throughout the cytoplasm in the cytoskelet on. Microtubules are essential for multiple cellular processes such as, cellular division and cellular movement and transport(6). Since microtubules are required for many cellular processes, mutations involving microtubules can cause various diseases including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer(5). One of the most common neurodegenerative diseasesRead MoreStructure and Function of Eukaryotic Cell Organelles1800 Words   |  8 PagesStructure and Function of Eukaryotic Cell Organelles What are eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? Organelles in Eukaryotic Cells The Nucleus. Nearly all animal cells have a nucleus, with the only exception being the red blood cell. The nucleus has two major functions, which are housing the DNA and controlling the cell’s activities. In the centre of the nucleus is the nucleolus. This doesn’t have a membrane, but holds itself together. In the nucleolus, ribosomes are created through the mixtureRead MoreThe Structure And Function Of Organelles Within A Eukaryotic Cell Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesStructure and Function of Organelles within a Eukaryotic Cell The Structure of the Membrane and its Function in Cell Transport The essence of life begins with knowing that all living things are made from cells. Cells and what is contained inside form the basic unit of structure and function in an organism. All cells have the same basic structure, the vital part being organelles. The name organelle comes from the Latin organellea; which means little organ. They can be found in both eukaryotic and prokaryoticRead MoreA Comparison of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells Essay1304 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparison of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells There are two main types of cells in the world. The simplest cells such as bacteria are known as Prokaryotic cells, and human cells are known as Eukaryotic cells. The main difference between each of these cells is that a eukaryotic cell has a nucleus and a membrane bound section in which the cell holds the main DNA which are building blocks of life. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. The chromosomes which are found in prokaryotes are usuallyRead MoreProkaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells853 Words   |  4 PagesProkaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Cells are the basic building block of life. Cells can be either Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic cells. Organism can only contain either one but not both of them. Prokaryotic cells are usually much smaller than Eukaryotic and are less complex. Bacteria are made up of one or more prokaryotic cells. Bacteria are made up of one or more prokaryotic cells. While Eukaryotic cell are found inside plant and animal life. Eukaryotic are more advanced and larger. Prokaryotic cell were theRead MoreEukaryotic Of Eukaryotic And Eukaryotic Genomes986 Words   |  4 Pagesthe prokaryotic domain of life, while humans and most other readily visible life forms are firmly rooted in the eukaryotic domain. These domains diverged many millions of years ago from a common ancestor and, while the eukaryotic branch later split into eukaryotic and archaeal domains, it maintained its separation from the prokaryotic domain (Woese et al., 1990). Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes are naturally very distinct in both co ntent and structure as a result of eons-long separation, and oneRead MoreThe Structure Of Eukaryotic Chromosomes1510 Words   |  7 Pagescertain structure in order for it to function correctly. Understanding the structure of eukaryotic chromosomes, or condensed forms of DNA, and how they function helps scientists understand how human DNA is unique. These highly specialized cells help eukaryotic organisms, such as humans, to sustain life. What is a eukaryotic organism? A eukaryotic organism is any organism with complex cells, or a single cell with a complex structure. These eukaryotic organisms cells genetic material is organized intoRead MoreThe Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Organisms Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pagesprokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and explore the reasoning behind such differences with regard to general structure, storage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its replication, metabolic processes, protein synthesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) processing. The cell is the most basic unit of life, defined as â€Å"The fundamental ... structural and functional unit of all living organisms† (Oxford University Press, 2008). The prokaryotic cell is typically composed of a plasma membrane and cell wall, containingRead MoreWhy We Study the Cell and Its Components.738 Words   |  3 PagesWhy We Study the Cell and Its Components The cell is the most basic form of life essentially. Anything that is living fundamentally is composed of cells. We study the cell because it is the simplest unit of all living organisms and to begin understanding life, we must realize the cell’s structure, whether it is about the different types of cells or how the cell functions. Biology is the study of life and for the human species; the cell is the most basic principle of life, which is why it is so